Tax Planning

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Tax is one aspect that permeates all aspects of financial planning. A basic understanding of the tax provisions is essential to save and invest in a tax efficient manner. However, it is important that our decisions are not clouded by tax considerations alone. What is required is to chase goals rather than returns. Nevertheless, one has to carefully study the effects of various tax provisions on one’s investments and achievement of goals. It is essential to bear in mind that tax framework is anything but stable. Every Finance Act either modifies the existing provisions or introduces new ones. Thus FY 2018-19 saw the introduction of of long term capital gains on equities and equity oriented investments while the interim budget of 2019, effectively increased the tax free threshold to Rs 5 lacs and also providing relief to those owning residential properties. Again budget for 2020-21 ushered in dual tax regimes while budget 2021-22 has introduced certain caps on investments that can be made in ULIPs and Provident Funds to avail of tax benefits on maturity proceeds, which were hither to tax free. We would advice investors to go through the monthly newsletter “Point to Ponder” which is under Blog sectionto obtain more information on such changes.

The following example illustrates the how it affects a goal that is to be achieved 15 years from now.

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It is useful to have a modicum of awareness of tax breaks that are available to an individual saver/investor. The two tables give a brief list of such tax breaks available under various sections of the Income Tax Act.

Section 80C - Choices Galore

  • Choices galore.
  • Equity – ELSS.
  • Debt – EPF, VPF, PPF, NSC, SCSS, Sukanya Scheme, 5-year deposits.
  • Expenses – Home loan principal repayment, kids’ tuition fees.
  • Insurance and pension plans.

Think Outside the 80C Box

Section what it pertains to

  • 80G – Donations to approved institutions and funds.
  • 80D – Health Insurance and preventive check-ups.
  • 80DDD – Medical Expenditure for disabled dependent.
  • 80DDB – Medical expenditure on specified illness.
  • 80E – Interest payable on education loans.
  • 24 – Interest payable on home loans.
  • 80TTA – Interest on savings deposit.
  • 80TTB – Interest on deposits for senior citizens.
  • 80GGC – Contribution to political parties.

Do NRIs need to file tax returns?

  • NRI’s having real estate transactions, NRO fixed deposits, NRO a/c’s, loan’s, PIS or PINS accounts, F&O, Mutual Funds, insurances, rental income etc. are advised to file tax returns, even if assumed tax liability is zero.
  • NRI’s usually get a Tax refund.
  • NRI’s often unaware of tax notice intimation due to change of address.
  • PAN is linked to all transactions and tax notices could come to any NRI having transactions in India.
  • Notices can be sent for transactions up to 6 years back.
  • Non filing of income tax returns result in investigation, penalties and litigation lasting years.

But, with holistic approach to financial planning , there are a lot more issues than mentioned above to consider while adopting a nuanced strategy for tax planning that would produce optimum results in achieving desired level of tax efficient yields to secure once financial future.

Penalties

Section
Nature of Default
Quantum of penalty
NON PAYMENT
221(1) Tax payments including Self Assessment Tax Amount of tax in arrears
Failure to comply
271(1)(b) with the notice u/S 115WD(2)/ 115WE(2)/ 143(1)/ 142(2) Rs. 10,000 of each failure
271(1)(b) with direction u/s 142(2A) to get audited Rs. 10,000 of each failure
272A (1) Failure to answer questions or sign statements Rs. 10,000 of each failure
Concealment
271(1)(c) Concealment of income or inaccurate particulars 100 % to 300 % of tax sought to be evaded
271AAA Undisclosed income found during search intimation u/s 132 10% of undisclosed income

Are you - Resident, Non resident or Not ordinarily resident?

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